This article treats the legal old age pension insurance in Germany and Austria.

The legal old age pension insurance is as part of the social security system of the legislator essentially through that dependently persons employed as age safety device in the allocation procedure conceived.

Legal old age pension insurance (GRV) in Germany

The term "pension "is often used in Germany as synonym for a pension from the legal old age pension insurance (GRV). From it the pensions of the officials are to be differentiated, who are financed from tax proceeds and reserves. In Austria against it all old-age pensions are called pensions.

General remarks

The GRV is a component (branch of insurance) of the arranged social security. It has its basis in the social legislation VI (SGB VI). It forms, together with the other legal age precaution forms (age safety device of the farmers, according to professional status obligation supply of the verkammerten free occupations and the official supply) one of the so-called "three columns "of the German age security system apart from than second column the designated operational/outside/as fixed in the tariff old-age pension and the independent security developing on private precaution (third column - promoted in the context of the so-called "Riester pension ").

Characteristic of the legal old age pension insurance is esp. their obligation character: most employees are there obligation-insured.

Carrier of the legal old age pension insurance

Carrier of the GRV is the German old age pension insurance.

The responsible service providers are in accordance with "§ 23 paragraph 2 SGB I:

1. in the general old age pension insurance the regional carriers, the German old age pension insurance federation and the German old age pension insurance scarce shank course lake,
2. in the knappschaftlichen old age pension insurance the German old age pension insurance scarce shank course lake,
3. in the age safety device of the farmers the agricultural age cashes.

Versicherte

The GRV generally differentiates between liability to insure and exempt from compulsory insuranceness. The liability to insure enclosure after "§ 1 SGB VI all dependently busy employees including training with first admission of the work activity. As obligation members all employees are included, if they are not exempt from compulsory insurance because of a very small income or because of a security in another age security system. Beyond that further person's groups are obligation members, under others:

• Resistance and civil service-carrying out
• Subscriber of wage compensations such as unemployment pay or sickpay
• independent craftsmen in the first 18 years of their professional activity
• further independent occupations work like midwives, sea-pilots, artists, journalists, coastal boat operators and coastal Fischer, I AGs
• Illusoryindependent
• Care persons after the nursing care insurance law, teachers, educators and manufacturing one, which do not employ employees liable to social security (at least Midijob)

Further all remaining independent ones can join the legal old age pension insurance on request as obligation members and all further persons living in Germany starting from that 16. Lebensjahr voluntarily contributions for legal old age pension insurance pay.

If one refers incomes from several activities, which are subject to obligation insurance, then actually a multiple insurance is present. This is however legally tolerated, since one pays then as with the independent one in the sum the social security on all income.

Exempt from compulsory insuranceness exists after "§ 5 SGB VI for officials, judges and occupation or time soldiers. In addition certain person's groups can be released from the liability to insure, e.g. physicians, engineers, architect, tax counsel, chartered accoutant and attorneys ("§ 6 SGB VI). These members of the free occupations must be insured however chamber member and over their Vorsorgeeinrichtungen.

Achievements

The insured risks of the legal old age pension insurance (gRV) are the age, the decreased earning power and death.

Achievements gRV are

• Pension payments due to one of these cases of risk
  • Older,
  • Acquisition reduction,
  • Death as well as
• Achievements for medical rehablitation and to the sharing at the working life.

Hereunder applies the principle "Reha before pension ", i.e. before payment of a pension is tried to repair the earning power/the insured one. Only if this is actually not possible, a pension grant takes place.

For the pension grant is the fulfilment of

• personal conditions (e.g. acquisition reduction, age, death) and
• specific waiting periods, thus times of the payment of dues for old age pension insurance,

necessary.

Besides still further insurance-legal conditions are necessary also with different pensions. A anticipated payment-free old-age pension becomes after valid legal situation regularly with a pension entrance starting from that 65. Lebensjahr grants. A premature demand is afflicted with durable anticipated payments of 0,3 per cent points for each month of the premature demand.

Beyond that the carriers of the GRV furnish also achievements in the context of the medical and vocational rehablitation for the re-establishment and/or improvement of the earning power. These achievements serve the prevention of the insured risk and cannot be classified to that extent not as insurance strange.

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