An error is a deviation from an optimal or standardized condition or procedure. With products the absence of errors is a quality criterion.

Certain ones physiological lack can cause rezeptive errors with organisms (Sehfehler, hearing error, read error; see Dyskalkulie).

Also within the range of aesthetics and art of errors one speaks. A new work of art singular in its originality can - there deviating from the canon - when are incorrectly felt and into the criticism turn out. But can be e.g. talked within this range appropriately rather only about faults to a performance. The speech of the error pushes within this range to its border.

Human errors designate the failure of humans (Unterfall: Lapsus). Concatenations of errors in a connection are called chain of errors; they can lead aircraft crash or spacious power failure to a collapse of whole systems, e.g.

Statistic error

Statistic error one calls the deviation of the average value of a sample from the expectancy value. The relative statistic error can be reduced by extension of the sample. It disappears in the border line that the sample covers the population.

A simple example is to describe this: If one has sieved black and three white balls in a uneinsehbaren box and takes blindly individual balls, then one receives a reliably error free result only, if one takes all balls. If one infers less (e.g. only three balls), then three (100%) can be, two (67%), (33%) or no (0%) black balls in the sample. The sample thus more or less deviates from the expectancy value (70%). One calls this deviation statistic error.

In practice however the expectancy value is not well-known. Instead must of the results of a sample (e.g. Choice inquiry, behavior investigations at children, attention studies concerning advertisement etc.) to be out measured, how large the statistic error is, i.e. as far the "“real"” value of the result of the sample under consideration of the desired reliability of the statement to deviate can.

See also: Probability of mistake, error 1. and 2. Kind

Physical errors

In the context of a physical/technical measurement there is a set of possible sources of error:

• Measuring errors result from the limited accuracy and/or dissolution (discretisation) of the assigned devices.
• Model errors result from the idealization of the physical connection. If one would measure a larger distance between two cities than straight line e.g. on an even map, then one would make a model error (because the shortest distance is in maps a straight line only if the points are on the same Meridian).
• Procedural errors result during the numeric evaluation of the measurement from inadequacies of the selected calculation method.
• Rounding errors result from the numeric computation with a finite number of digits.

With physical dimension the error those designates deviation from the desired value, maximally which can be expected. It can absolutely (e.g. length l = 17 {,} 0 (4) \; \ mathrm {m} = (17 {,} 0 \ pm 0, \! 4) \; \ mathrm {m}) or relatively, thus in per cent, to be indicated.:

• The absolute error indicates the difference of the read off measured value (actual value) to the actual value (desired value).
• The relative error is the relationship (quotient) of the absolute error to the desired value. It represents thus the proportional deviation of the measured value of the desired value.

The error in the physical sense is called also Messunsicherheit. The size of the error is determined with the help of the computation of errors.

Software fault

See program errors

Play error

With a play an error is a play course and/or an action, which normally causes a loss and/or a reduction of the profit. An error can be play crucial, but become balanced often also by other actions.

Quite

In the right an error is defined depending upon area differently, all commonly is the legal mistake. Thus there is procedural error, error, which forms an endangerment of health or property, error, those the normal use prevents and others.

Controlling

With respect to the Controlling one differentiates three error kinds with the analysis from deviation causes

1. Planning fault; here the environmental situation is wrongly described. This can be based by wrong acceptance of market tendencies, wrong acceptance over costing or yield functions or the like
2. Implementing error; this can result from unintentional failure in addition, from intended (principle aluminum agent theory)
3. Analysis error; by measuring errors, error caused false reservations, wrong Interpreationen

Thinking, planning and action error

With respect to the psychology and theory of action one differentiates thinking, planning and action error. They serve as basis for the explanation of human errors in technical and social systems. The most well-known example of this error form is the constructional defect. This can apply also to software developers.

See also

• Complaint management, Fauxpas, mistake, MTBF, FMEA, fault

Literature

• Peter Helling, Bernhard Spengler, Thomas Springer: Error correctly planned. Vbt publishing house building And technology. 1987. ISBN 3764002328. 144 sides.

Related links

Articles in category "Error"

We found here 4 articles.

Related Websites

We found here 5 related websites.

• Error (Java 2 Platform SE 5.0)
  An Error is a subclass of Throwable that indicates serious problems that a reasonable ... Error() Constructs a new error with null as its detail message. ...


• Error (Java 2 Platform SE v1.4.2)
  An Error is a subclass of Throwable that indicates serious problems that a reasonable ... Error() Constructs a new error with null as its detail message. ...


• Error (Java 2 Platform SE v1.4.2)
  An Error is a subclass of Throwable that indicates serious problems that a reasonable ... Error() Constructs a new error with null as its detail message. ...


• Error Message Generator
  :: Generate your own funny Error Messages! ... Visit the Gallery of Errors or create your own error message here. Icon:. Style: 95/98 XP. Title (Blue bar): ...


• Java 2 Platform SE v1.3.1: Class Error
  An Error is a subclass of Throwable that indicates serious problems that a reasonable application should not try to catch. Most such errors are abnormal ...