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The education coupon is a concept to the national assumption of the costs for training and further training. Study accounts are a special form from Bildungsgutscheinen.Er are since 2003 a component of the German education system. The education coupon is thereby the written promise of the federal agency for work for the assumption of the costs of a participation on a further training.
Milton Friedman pleaded for the first time 1955 for an alternative education financing. This alternative Bildungsfnanzierung insists on the introduction of Bildungsgutscheinen.Der education coupon exhibits the following characteristics:
Instead of as before the tax money benefits not the education carriers, but directly the training in the form of coupons is handed out, which can apply thereby directly with an education carrier. The education coupon is transferably on the names of the Auszubildenen issued and not. The training submits the education coupon at a freely selectable and nationally recognized educational facility. All training obtain a nationally specified basic value, which is independent of the parental income.
The intention, which stands behind this model, is characterised by the following characteristics: Subject financing instead of direct financing of institutions. Parents are put into the position to select itself the school of their choice (public or private) ("School Choice ") the educational provision in accordance with the consumer preferences are arranged, it develop thus a broader educational provision, which orients itself at the desires of the Nachfrager more strongly. Parents have direct influence on quantity and quality of the schools. Thus develops retroactively innovation more promoting and for efficiency an increasing competition between the individual schools, also between the national and private schools. The schools would be forced to place itself to the competition: The best schools have the largest inlet at pupils and thus appropriate financial resources. The improvement of the entire training quality as well as a inquire-steered educational provision. Bad schools would disappear from the market. An even distribution of the existing tax fundses and thus a larger distribution justice
In the case of a liberalisation of the education monopoly critics prognosticate the following problems: Schools try, in order to be competitive in the competition to accept above all "easily "pupils who can be informed; Pupils out socially disadvantaged families are segregated in "remainder schools "(v.a. foreigner, obstructed). The pupil is only evaluated after its economic efficiency usefulness. The quality shears continue to open and thus segregation effects, are still continued to strengthen, instead of diminished. This means in the reversal conclusion that equal gesinnte parents a common (private) trains to select and thereby could isolate itself. The fate of the hauptschule as remainder school became the fate of the national schools absolutely.
The rational ability of decision of the Nachfrager is actually not given for lack of transparency of the market and sociallayer-dependent information deficits. Parents with own higher education conclusion possess better fortune with the school choice of their children. The experience shows that parents select the school not after the educational program and the achievement, but on the basis of other criteria, e.g. after residence or the social environment which can be found there. Also the teachers stand now under course obligation: can to them be quit; instruction orients itself at the best pupils, besides testoriented Lernmethoden become imported; weaker pupils are promoted still less.
Schools as profit-oriented enterprises birgen likewise Gefahrenpotenziale: Schools look for each other sponsors, who pay teaching material, building, teacher etc. (e.g. the USA Edison project; Channel One radiates daily at selected schools advertising spots). The problem of the eligible for financingness is unsettled, because a surface covering introduction of education coupons is not payable. Extra costs result from the transport of the pupils, the financing of the current private pupils and from the structure of an information system, as well as the administration and evaluation of the coupon system
The education coupon (BGS) is since 1 January 2003 a component of the German education system. It serves thereby as promise the federal agency for work over the assumption of the costs of a participation in a longer further training, in accordance with "§ 77 SGB III.
Starting from date of issue of the education coupon this has a validity from maximally 3 months to the beginning of the further training. It can be either very freely formulated, so that the addressee of the education coupon can look for a suitable educational measure, or however the measure carriers are given by the work mediator.
With the education coupon it concerns an ability achievement in such a way specified, i.e. the work mediator can assign the education coupon with necessity for a further training for the lasting integration of the unemployed person into the first job market, must this however not. In principle the expenditure of a BGS is handled due to substantial cost savings by the BA increasingly restrictive, so that the few unemployed persons receive a BGS. Alternatively shorter educational measures can be promoted up to 12 weeks duration than training measures.
Who participates in an educational measure by means of BGS, keeps its requirements on unemployment pay. During the measure for further education a receiver cannot be gradated by unemployment pay I on unemployment pay II, but the unemployment pay I is continued to disburse until 30 days after course end. Who has an education coupon, with that become the costs of the training course, of necessary learning aids, work clothes, test pieces and for legally regulated or generally recognized intermediate and final examinations, as well as costs of a necessary suitability statement, taken over. If the participant must stay overnight outside of his residence, the expenditures for travels between dwelling and education place can be refunded. If the participant must stay overnight outward, it gets the costs of on and departure as well as the costs of a travel to the family or of the attendance of the partner or child once per month refunds. Here it concerns a distance lump sum the 0.36 " for first 10 km and for each further kilometer of 0,40 " behaves.
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