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The term age precaution covers the whole of all measures, which are met, in order to be able to deny after separating from the business life of saved fortune or acquired claims further living costs without restrictions of the standard of living. Ideal way can be expected monthly regular payments in such a manner that the standard of living and the consumer expenditures of the pensioner do not have to be reduced with beginning of pension. Beyond years it is to come to no restriction of the life-style (ideal age precaution).
Age precaution was traditionally a task, which was incumbent on the family federation over centuries. (In practice this task was fulfilled generally through "contributions of equipment "in the form of supply.) the active in each case and efficient generation had to supply both the regenerating and the aging generation in the group of an extended family. In a such social situation a sufficient child number (or for a small minority of the population a sufficient own fortune) was the condition for a supply in the age. With the arising industrialization and the geographical mobility increasing thereby on the one hand and simultaneous depletion of far social classes on the other hand this task could not be solved within the families ever more frequently in acceptable way. As reaction to it became in outgoing 19. Century imported in the context of the Bismarck' social legislation a legal old-age pension. The legal pension was put on thereby first as principal pension, in 20. Century was lost the developed capital stick however through two world wars, inflation and economic crisis, so that the legal old-age pension was changed over in the 50's to the allocation procedure. In the result the development of the last 150 years led to the fact that the responsibility for the age precaution from the family federation and the individual shifted to larger groups (State of, collective of the insuring community). The newer changes in the age distribution of the society and other factors of influence lead to the fact that this tendency turns around at present and the individual responsibility for the own age precaution is again more strongly stressed.
The today's age precaution consists of "the three columns in such a way specified ":
The legal precaution is based on the allocation procedure. The deposited contributions are not saved, but are not used immediately for the current pension payments to the present pensioners. Therefore also no requirement on repayment of the deposited contributions insists, but only on participation in the current incomes (so-called claim).
Officials and on an equal footing ones (judge and career soldier) deposit no own contributions, but the salaries of this circle of acquaintances are from the outset limited accordingly lower, than it would be appropriate for equivalent activities in conditions of employment liable to social security.
The recent generation comes thereby for the pension of the old generation on (so-called generation contract). It is based on the solidarity principle. Due to the age pyramid however in the future less and less employees must finance the pensions from ever more pensioners, which must lead to rising old age pension insurance contributions for the employed persons, if the pension achievements are not to be reduced to the individual pensioner.
For this reason either the contributions must be increased or the achievements be shortened.
Up-to-date (9 February 2006) one brought in a law suggestion, which was to secure the height of the current pensions and to increase the pension entrance age and the contribution height. The increase of the pension entrance age can lead with many candidates to the fact that they receive later lower achievements.
Politically strongly for additional private or operational age precaution one recruits, since the legal precaution is to in the future only cover the basic need, but no more the standard of living to secure.
Operational age precaution is present, if an employer makes a supplying promise for an employee from cause of the employer-employee relationship. The aspects pertaining to labour law of the company pension scheme are regulated in the BetrAVG. Additionally company pension scheme is flanked for taxation, in order to strengthen this column of the age precaution.
The BetrAVG plans a right of the employee to company pension scheme by payment transformation, thus content renouncement. Since this variant brings tax benefits for employers and employees, it enjoys of increasing popularity.
The company pension scheme can be organized in different kinds. The BetrAVG determines for this the five permissible execution ways:
With the choice of the execution way the employee has usually no choice. If execution takes place however by means of a pension fund, a pension fund or a direct insurance and as payment transformation, then the employee is a right on the fact that this fulfills also the conditions of a national extra pay promotion.
A problem of the company pension scheme are the regulations when premature separating from the employer-employee relationship (by changes or death). To continue the possibilities a supplying promise at a new employer - which means an assumption of the obligations for the new employer - by the legislation are improved however steadily. However the requirements, except during payment transformation, are only after a certain period secured (unverfallbar). Thus perhaps with early change the entire requirement of the employee purges. The period amounts to usually several years.
The requirement on achievement is always directed against the employer, even if an external execution way were selected. For the case of an insolvency of the employer the achievement is guaranteed by the pension safeguard association. Pension fund, pension funds and direct sighting (in most cases) grant a legal claim on its part, so that the PSVaG does not have to occur in the case of insolvency.
Into a life work time account an employee can deposit overtime. These are then put on as value and returned to the employee, if takes these longer time-outs to prefer e.g. for advanced training or around the pension entrance.
In the sense of the BetrAVG life work time accounts are not operational age precaution. Since it permits however an earlier pension entrance, it is to be added in the broadest sense of the age precaution. This still recent form of the age precaution is offered so far only by few large enterprises.
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